ISSN 1812-3368. ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆȽɌɍ ɢɦ. ɇ.ɗ. Ȼɚɭɦɚɧɚ. ɋɟɪ. «ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ». 2012
41
ɗɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɡ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (3).
2.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹ ( )
l
U W
ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ
ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ
W
ɩɪɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɯ, ɩɨɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠ-
ɞɟɧɢɟ.
Ʌɟɦɦɚ.
ɉɭɫɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɤɚɡɨɜ ɩɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɸ (8) ɢɦɟɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɟɥ
lim ( )
0
t
t
L
O
of
!
(12)
ɞɥɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ
,
ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ
:
0
( )
.
r P t dt
f
f
³
(13)
Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ
:
1
1
lim
( )
1
.
( )
l
Ll
P t dt
e
P
L
W
W
W
W
of
³
(14)
Ⱦ ɨ ɤ ɚ ɡ ɚ ɬ ɟ ɥ ɶ ɫ ɬ ɜ ɨ. ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɥɟɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ (14) ɩɪɢ
W
of
ɜ
ɫɢɥɭ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ (13) ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɢɞɚ 0/0, ɬɨ, ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜ ɷɬɭ
ɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɭ Ʌɨɩɢɬɚɥɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ
1
(
) ( )
lim
( )
lim
.
( )
( )
l
P l P
P t dt
P
P
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
of
of
c
³
Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ (8) ɢ (12) ɢɦɟɟɦ
1
1
(
)
lim
( )
1
lim
.
( )
( )
l
P l
P t dt
P
L
P
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
of
of
§
·
¨
¸
©
¹
³
(15)
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ [2],
0
( )
exp ( ) ,
z
P z
t dt
O
§
·
¨
¸
¨
¸
©
¹
³
ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ
(
)
lim
lim exp
( ) .
( )
l
P l
t dt
P
W
W
W
W
W
O
W
of
of
§
·
¨
¸
¨
¸
©
¹
³