ISSN 1812-3368. ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆȽɌɍ ɢɦ. ɇ.ɗ. Ȼɚɭɦɚɧɚ. ɋɟɪ. «ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ». 2012
15
Ʉɪɢɬɟɪɢɣ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɨ-
ɡɢɬɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ
ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ
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ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɪɚɡɪɭɲɟ-
ɧɢɟ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ (ɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɧɢɬɹɯ) ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɥɢɛɨ
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ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ
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ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟ-
ɧɢɟ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɞɟɬ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɫɟɣ əɉ. Ⱦɥɹ
ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɪɟɚɥɢ-
ɡɭɸɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ (ɷɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ),
ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢ-
ɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ:
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ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɬɟɧɡɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɢɡ-
ɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ. ɉɨɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ (11) ɜ (14), ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ — ɜ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ (19) ɢɥɢ
ɧɢɬɟɣ (22), ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ:
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(23);
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ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɥɨ-
ɜɢɟ (23);
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ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨ-
ɞɢɬ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ.
ɉɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɧɢɬɹɯ
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ɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ, ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɦɨɧɨɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ). ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡ-
ɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛ-
ɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɢɥɢ (ɢ) ɧɢɬɟɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɲɟ ɦɨɞɟ-
ɥɶɸ. ɉɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ
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ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ (23) ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɬɨɱɟɤ
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r
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ɬ. ɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɬɟɯ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɯ
**
( ),
km
t
V
ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ
( )
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2
max{ (
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l
n
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r
j
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lnkm r
km
z Q Q
B
t
D
D
D
D
[
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(24)
ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ. ɉɪɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɯ
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km
t
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ɩɪɢ ɤɨ-
ɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ
( )
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l
n
i
r
j
r
lnkm r
km
z Q
Q
B
t
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D
D
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[
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(25)
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɚ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ
ɦɨɧɨɜɨɥɨɤɨɧ ɜ ɧɢɬɹɯ. Ⱦɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ
(23)