ISSN 1812-3368. ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆȽɌɍ ɢɦ. ɇ.ɗ. Ȼɚɭɦɚɧɚ. ɋɟɪ. «ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ». 2012
108
ɥɢ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɪɸɱɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɨɫ-
ɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɥɢɫɢɥɨɤɫɚɧɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɡɢɧɵ:
3
600
ɤɝ ɦ ;
0 8
ɤȾɠ (ɤɝ K);
c
U
˜
0 17
ȼɬ (ɦ K);
k
O
˜
3 1
2
0
/
8 5 10
K ;
0 1
Ɇɉɚ; K ɫ;
10
a a
E R
V
˜
e
'
5
3
0
2 8
ɆȾɠ ɤɝ;
0 5;
10
ɉɚ;
ɦ 10
a
p
l
H
Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ
0
J
ɜ ɤɢɧɟ-
ɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɪɨɥɢɡɚ (9) ɛɵɥ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (10):
5
3 1
0
3 3 10
ɤɝ ɦ ɫ
J
˜
˜
˜
—
ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ;
5
3 1
0
2 5 10
ɤɝ ɦ ɫ
J
˜
˜
˜
—
ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ.
ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
0
J
,
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɬɟɪɦɨɝɪɚɜɢ-
ɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɫɢɥɨɤɫɚɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɚɭɱɭɤɚ, ɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɱɟɧɶ
ɛɥɢɡɤɢɦ ɤ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɦɭ (ɬ. ɟ. ɬɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ, ɱɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɦ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ
0
J
ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ).
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
f
D
,
i
D
ɢ
e
D
ɛɵɥɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɵ ɩɨ ɮɨɪ-
ɦɭɥɚɦ (5), (21) ɢ (24) ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɢɫɢɥɨɤɫɚɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɚɭɱɭɤɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢ-
ɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
w
T
.
ɗɬɢ ɤɪɢɜɵɟ ɩɪɟɞ-
ɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 4. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
0
p
= 10
5
ɉɚ ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ
0
p
c
= 10
5
ɉɚ. Ʉɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɡ ɪɢɫ. 4,
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
f
D
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɢɫɢɥɨɤ-
ɫɚɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɚɭɱɭɤɚ ɜɵɲɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɷɪɨɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
i
D
,
ɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɷɪɨɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
e
D
ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ
f
D
.
Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
f
D
,
i
D
ɢ
e
D
ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ-
ɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
w
ș
ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɢɫɢɥɨɤɫɚɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɚɭɱɭɤɚ ɩɪɢ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɤɨ-
ɪɨɫɬɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɨɪɟ
c
5
0
= 10
p
ɉɚ